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Cell and Cell Structure |
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The cells that make up our body are so small that you would fit over 200 of them on the full stop at the end of this sentence. |
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Tissues in Plants and Animals |
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Every organism, whether its body is unicellular or multicellular, is capable of performing all vital functions such as respiration, ingestion, excretion and reproduction. In multicellular organisms, because of the increase in body size, it is difficult for each cell to efficiently cope with the vast variety of the physiological needs of the organism. So cells group together to perform definite functions. |
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Diversity in the Living World |
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Every organism whether plant or animal is unique in itself. There is a wide diversity in the flora (plants) and fauna (animals) in the world. The diversity we see today is the result of 3.5 billion years of organic evolution. |
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Food, Nutrition and Health |
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All living organisms need food for growth, work, repair and maintaining life processes. Food is made up of several components such as proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals and vitamins. |
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Human Diseases |
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Health is considered to be the state of perfect functioning of body and mind, unhindered by diseases. Disease is the malfunctioning of the organism or part of it due to infection, inherent weakness or environmental stress, that upsets the normal physiological functioning of the organism. |
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Our Natural Resources |
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The Environment is everything which surrounds an organism and influences its life in many ways. It includes physical and biological components. The physical components of the environment are soil, water, air, light and temperature. These are termed as abiotic components. The plants and animals are collectively referred to as biotic components. All these components of the environment work together, interact and modify the effect of one another. |
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Food Resources - Crop Production System |
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All living organisms need food for their existence. They need food for their growth, repair of tissues, energy and also protection against diseases. The various components of food are proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, roughage and water. |
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Food Resources Sustainable Agriculture |
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Food is one of the basic needs of man. Early man lived on roots and berries of wild plants but with civilization, man learnt to cultivate plants to satisfy his food needs. With continuous increase in population and rapid urbanization, our natural resources have been over exploited. As a result of this, our natural resources are getting depleted at a very fast rate. |
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Food Resources - Animals |
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Man is an omnivore. He depends on both plants and animals for food. In the previous chapter we studied about crops being the major source of our food. In this chapter, let us study about animal sources of food. Animal sources include eggs, meat, milk and fish. |
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Our Environment |
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Environment includes all the factors that affect the form and growth of the organism. Habitat is the term given to the special environment in which an organism lives and grows. In order to survive, plants and animals develop special features called adaptive characters that help them to adjust to a particular habitat. This is known as adaptation. |
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