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| Classification of Food - Continued |
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| Roughage is the fibrous material which is indigestible and is eliminated from the body unchanged. It is made up of plant carbohydrate called cellulose. Though not a food, in a stricter sense, it is an important part of a balanced diet and is important for the normal functioning of the digestive system. |
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| Roughage helps in retaining water in the body and adds bulk to the food and prevents constipation. Food items that are rich in roughage are fresh fruits and vegetables (salads), cereals, pulses with husk etc. |
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| Water is an important part of our diet. It constitutes 70% of the body weight. The quantity of water required by the body depends upon the age, type of work and climate. A lot of water comes from the food we eat. Eg. Fruits, vegetables. However most of the water needed by our body comes from plain “drinking water”, tea, coffee, milk, fruit juice etc. Water is a solvent that dissolves most enzymes, organic and inorganic substances. It provides the basis for chemical reactions and metabolic processes. Water also helps to maintain the body temperature. Evaporation of water from the skin enables the body to cool down when the outside environmental temperature is high. Water provides a means for excreting body wastes (urine, sweat etc). |
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| Water loss exceeding 10% of body weight results in dehydration. This condition may arise due to cholera, dysentery, diarrhoea etc., and could be fatal. A therapy called ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution) must be administered to replenish the loss of body water and vital body salts. |
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| Test for the presence of water in food items |
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| Take 10 gms of potato slices, lady's finger, corriander leaves and wheat grains in separate petri dishes and expose them to sunlight for four days. Note down their weight. You will find that the potato slices, lady's finger and corriander leaves have lost weight since the water in them has evaporated. The weight of the wheat grain remains 10 gm as it is already dry. |
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