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| Fish Farming |
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| This includes inland and marine fisheries, aquaculture and pisiculture. Fish is a source of high quality animal protein and a rich source of minerals like calcium, phosphorus and iron. India abounds in fish, both fresh water and marine. |
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| There are fish that are sustained in water bodies like ponds, tanks, lakes, rivers, back waters and marshy swamps. Inland or fresh water fisheries can be divided into: |
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| Culture fishery - In culture fishery, the fish seed has to be sown, tended, nursed, reared and finally harvested when grown to table size. |
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| Capture fishery - Capture fishery does not involve sowing fish seeds. It involves capturing fish naturally available in fresh water bodies. |
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| These are fish that are sustained in salt-water bodies like seas and oceans. This requires mechanisation. Fishing trawlers fitted with sophisticated electronic fish locating equipment are used for deep-sea fishing. Some marine fish are Bombay duck, Catfish, Mackerels, Red mullet, Sardine etc. |
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| This involves production of fishes, prawns, shrimps, lobsters, crabs and molluscs. |
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| This is production of some food fishes like carps. The fish are cultured in ponds and tanks. |
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| The main causes for disease in fishes are viruses and bacteria. IPN (Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis) and VHS (Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia) are well known diseases. Pollution of water causes great harm to the fish population. Fertilizers, pesticides, effluents and chemical wastes from factories contribute largely to pollution of water bodies. In order to maintain the population of fish, regular monitoring of the oxygen level, carbon dioxide level and pH of the water is important. |
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