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| Introduction |
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| Once a very beautiful actress met the famous English play-wright, George Bernard Shaw. She wanted to propose to him and said, "Will it not be wonderful if our child has my beauty and your brains?" To this George retorted, "What if the child has your brains and my looks?" |
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| What do you think they were talking about? They were talking about "Heredity". What is heredity? |
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| Heredity is the transmission of characteristics, physical or mental from parents to offspring, that is from one generation to the successive generation. It is of common knowledge that "Like produces like" - human beings give birth to babies, a cat gives birth to kittens and a hen produces chicks. Although offspring's resembles their parents, they are not identical to them. They exhibit a departure in some of the qualities from the previous generations. |
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| These differences shown by the individuals of a species are termed as variations. Thus variation means, the differences that exist in the individuals of a species. It represents the differences that permits distinction between two individuals of the same race, or between the offspring's of the same parents. The scientific study of the transmission of hereditary character from one generation to the other is known as genetics. |
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| If we look around us, we see different kinds of organisms. The organisms are of different species. Even among the species, there are differences. For example, one cat is different from the other, one lion is different from the other and also human beings are different from each other. Except for identical twins, even offspring born to same parents are different. All these differences are classified as variations. Both heredity and variation play important roles in evolution of organisms. |
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