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| Variation |
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| Variation may be defined as differences among individuals of a species. All around us we see different organisms belonging to different species. Within each species too, no two individuals are identical to each other. Asexual reproduction produces identical offspring called clones and identical twins are seen in sexual reproduction. However, clones and identical twins can also differ from each other if subjected to different environmental conditions. |
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| Variations arise either due to environmental influence or genetic factors. The environmental factors like the food, temperature, etc. influence the phenotype of individuals. However, phenotypic changes are not heritable. Genetic changes are those that affect the genes. These changes are heritable and important from the evolutionary point of view. |
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