 |
| Sub Family: Caesalpiniodeae (Caesalpinae) |
|
| |
|
 Habit: Mostly trees and shrubs, rarely herbs, some are climbers (Bauhinia). |
| |
 |
| |
| fig.27.25 Habit and L.S. of flower of Cassia fistula |
| |
 |
| |
| fig. 27.26 Bauhinia |
| |
 Root: Taproot. |
| |
 Stem: Woody, or herbaceous, branched. |
| |
 Leaves: Compound, alternate, stipulate, pulvinate and simple. |
| |
 Inflorescence: Racemose, panicle or umbel. |
| |
 Flower: Bracteate, zygomorphic, pedicellate, bisexual, heterochlamydeous, pentamerous and hypogynous. |
| |
 Calyx: Sepals 5, free or united, imbricate aestivation. |
| |
 Corolla: Petals 5, polypetalous, imbricate aestivation. |
| |
 Androecium: Stamens 10, free, of different sizes, anthers dithecous. |
| |
 Gynoecium: Monocarpellary, unilocular with ovules on marginal placentation. Ovary superior. |
| |
 Fruit: Legume or lomentum. |
| |
 Seed: Large, non-endospermic. |
| |
 |
| |
| fig. 27.27 Floral parts, T.S. of ovary, Floral diagram |
| |
 |
| |
| Floral formula |
| |
|
| Edible |
| |
| 1. Bauhinia veriegata (Kachnar): buds used as vegetables. |
| |
| 2. Cassia tora : tender leaves used as a vegetable. |
| |
| Medicinal |
| |
| 1. Cassia fistula: Used as a purgative |
| |
| 2. Cassia glauca: Used for treating diabetes |
| |
| 3. Saraca indica: (Ashoka tree) for curing uterine infections is also used as an ornamental tree. |
| |
| Dye Yielding |
| |
| 1. Hematoxylon campuchianum: Yields the dye hematoxylene used for staining cells. |
| |
| 2. Caesalpinia sappan: Yields a dye used for colouring textiles. |
| |
| Ornamental |
| |
| 1. Delonix regia (Gulmohur) |
| |
| 2. Caesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower) |
| |
| Others |
| |
| 1. Tamarindus indica (tamarind tree) |
| |
| 2. Hardwickia binata - wood used for making agricultural implements. |
| |
 |
| |
| fig. 27.28 Common Examples of SubFamily Caesalpiniodeae |
| |
