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| Vacuoles |
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| Vacuoles are sac-like structures bound by a single unit membrane called tonoplast. A cell may have one or two, small or large vacuoles. In animal cells, vacuoles, when present are smaller in size. In plant, cells vacuoles are large and prominent. |
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| The vacuole encloses a watery fluid called cell sap, containing water and various substances in solution or suspended state. |
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| Vacuoles maintain turgor of the cells. In the meristematic cells they bring about growth by initiating cell elongation. Vacuoles also serve as the storage regions in which reserve food, secretory products or waste products become deposited. |
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| Fresh water protozoans exhibit the presence of one or two contractile vacuoles that take part in osmoregulation. |
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Structural Organization of the Cell
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