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| Mineral Salt Deficiency Diseases |
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| Anaemia |
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| It is caused due to the deficiency of iron. Iron is necessary for the production of haemoglobin, a protein that is an oxygen carrier in blood. When the level of haemoglobin drops in the blood it results in the person feeling tired easily, loss of appetite, loss of weight and pale appearance due to loss of oxygen in blood. This is called anaemia. It can be prevented and cured by having a diet rich in iron such as greens like spinach, liver, milk, apple, guava, etc. |
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| Goitre |
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| It is caused due to deficiency of iodine. Iodine is necessary for the production of thyroxin, a hormone secreted by the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland situated in the neck region enlarges when there is insufficient production of thyroxin. This swelling is known as goiter. It occurs in people of certain regions like the mountains where the diet is lacking iodine-rich food. This is because the soil of these regions have low iodine content and therefore the plants, which are the main source of minerals are deficient in this mineral. |
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| Symptoms of Goitre |
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| The deficiency symptoms are swelling of the thyroid gland, reduced mental function, increased risk of still births, abortions and infant deaths. |
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| Overnutrition |
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| It can result in a lot of problems. Two of them are |
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| Obesity |
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| It is caused by the excessive consumption of calorie-rich diet without the necessary activity required for burning them. The excess carbohydrates are converted to fats. These fats and the dietary fats are accumulated under the skin and between the organs. Obesity leads to other problems such as high blood pressure, diabetes and cardiac disorders. |
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| Hypercholesterolemia |
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| It is caused by a diet rich in saturated fats and lipids such as butter, ghee, red meat, egg yolk, etc. The cholesterol gets deposited on the walls of the arteries which makes them less elastic. It also constricts the blood vessels raising the blood pressure and leads to cardiac disorders. |
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