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| Gradients of Biodiversity |
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| Biodiversity varies with change in latitude or altitude. The diversity increases as we move from high to low latitudes (i.e., from poles of equator). In the temperate region, the climate is severe with short growing period for plants while in tropical rain forests the conditions are favourable for growth throughout the year. This makes it possible for a large number of species to occur and grow. |
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| Decrease in Number of ant species along the latitudinal gradient (from low to high latitude) |
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| There is a similar decrease in species diversity from lower to higher altitudes on a mountain. Drop in temperature and greater seasonal variability at higher altitudes are a major factor that reduces diversity. |
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| Biodiversity is the source of food, medicines, pharmaceutical drugs, fibres, rubber and timber. |
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| Biodiversity has also great aesthetic value: Ecotourism, bird watching, wildlife pet keeping, gardening etc. |
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