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| Detection and Diagnosis of Cancer |
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| 1) Histologic and Cytologic methods involve Biopsy and histological examination of the affected tissue. For e.g., Paps test is employed to detect cervix cancer. Blood tests for abnormal WBC count for Leukaemia, Bone marrow Biopsy are also used to detect Leukaemia. |
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| 2) Non-invasive techniques like x-ray and CT scans and MRI scans are used to detect cancers of internal organs like kidneys and Pancreas. |
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| 3) DNA probe analysis can help to detect cancer |
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| 4) Endoscopy, for e.g., gastroscopy is used to detect stomach cancer and laparoscopy is used to detect cancer of pelvic region. |
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| 5) Techniques, which detect molecular changes in cancer cells help to detect cancer in early stages. |
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| 6) Monoclonal antibodies are also used to detect cancer. |
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