 |
| Cooperative Interactions - Dominance and Subordination |
|
| It is a social organisation with hierarchial order. The ritualised behaviour of hierarchial dominance avoids infighting between the members. The hierarchical ranking of dominance is established through tradition, battles, age and sex, it is characterized by, |
| |
| a) The dominant individual displaces the animals in lower rank in the area of feeding and takes up the first choice for food, space and mate. |
| |
| b) Dominance is determined by aggressive behaviour shown by either aggressive posture, display of feathers or by even actual fight. Subordinate ones immediately assume an appeasement posture to avoid fight. It is referred as ritualized submission. |
| |
  |
| |
| c) When the dominant individual becomes injured or senile, a new dominant is selected. |
| |
| d) Usually, the females are subordinate to males and the young are subordinate to the adult. |
| |
| e) Though the dominance once established is more or less permanent, an individual can go to higher rank by defeating the animals of senior ranks. |
| |
