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| Points to Remember |
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 Modes of reproduction in plants can be grouped into 2 types |
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| a) asexual |
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| b) sexual reproduction |
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 Regeneration of new plants from portions of vegetative organs is very common. |
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 Runner, rhizome, bulbs, corns and tubers serve as means of propagation. |
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 A population of genetically identical plants derived from an individual is called a clone. |
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 Some of the artificial methods of vegetative propagation are cutting, layering and grafting. |
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 Pollen grains are produced in anther. |
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 Exine of pollen grains is made up of special substance called sporopollenin. |
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 A hypodermal cell of the nucleus in ovule forms megaspore mother cell which forms megaspore. |
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 Allogamy represents, cross pollination where genetic recombination is ensured. |
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 Angiosperms exhibit double fertilisation.
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