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The major habitats are the aquatic, terrestrial and arboreal. The organisms influence the physical environment and also the physical environment influences the organisms and their distribution in different habitats.
The abiotic components of an ecosystem are of 2 types. Climatic, including temperature, light, wind, gases, humidity, rain and water which includes wave action and water currents and edpahic factors including soil, substratum, topography, background minerals and pH.The adaptations shown by organisms living in a given habitat i.e., aquatic, xeric or mesic are unique and enable the organisms to live in that particular physical environment. Each and every organism has a role to perform called niche.

