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| Summary |
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| Ecology concerns with the associations and interactions of the organisms and the environment in general. The living place or dwelling place of an organism is called habitat. Within a given habitat there exists variations or micro habitats. In a given habitat we can observe physical (abiotic) environment and living organisms (biotic). There is an interdependence between organisms of a habitat. |
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| The major habitats are the aquatic, terrestrial and arboreal. The organisms influence the physical environment and also the physical environment influences the organisms and their distribution in different habitats. |
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| The abiotic components of an ecosystem are of 2 types. Climatic, including temperature, light, wind, gases, humidity, rain and water which includes wave action and water currents and edpahic factors including soil, substratum, topography, background minerals and pH. |
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| The adaptations shown by organisms living in a given habitat i.e., aquatic, xeric or mesic are unique and enable the organisms to live in that particular physical environment. Each and every organism has a role to perform called niche. |
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Organisms and the Environment
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