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| Nomenclature of Hydrocarbons |
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| Nomenclature is the system of naming. With the existence of innumerable compounds of carbon, it has become necessary to follow a universal, rational system of naming. Such a system has been evolved by International union of pure and applied chemistry (IUPAC). By following this system, we can eliminate the confusion that arises due to usage of common names or trivial names. |
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| The IUPAC name of a straight chain hydrocarbon is divided into two parts: |
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| i. Word root |
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| ii. Suffix |
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| Word root determines the number of carbon atoms in the compound. The word roots for compounds having five or more carbon atoms are derived from Greek numbers. |
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| To determine the nature of the bond (single, double or triple) between the carbon atoms, primary suffixes are used. |
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| In the IUPAC nomenculature, alkanes end with '-ane' |
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| Alkenes |
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| In the IUPAC nomenclature, alkenes end with '-ene' |
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| Alkynes |
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| In the IUPAC nomenculature, alkenes end with '-yne'. |
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