Hydrogen Molecule Ion (H2+)

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This is formed by the combination of hydrogen atom containing one electron and hydrogen ion having no electron. Therefore, this ion has only one electron.

fig 1.17 - Molecular orbital energy level diagram for H2+ ion

electronic configuration of hydogen molecule ion

bond order in hydrogen molecule ion

The positive value of bond order indicates that the molecule is stable. The presence of unpaired electron in the molecule indicates that it is paramagnetic molecule. The stability of the ion as well as its paramagnetic character has been confirmed experimentally.

The bond length of H2+ ion is larger than that of H2 molecule (bond length H2+ = 104pm; H2 = 47pm)

while its bond dissociation energy is less than that of H2 molecule

(bond dissociation energy H2+ = 269 KJ mol-1, H2 = 458 KJ mol-1 ). This clearly supports the fact that bond in H2+ ion is, weaker than that in H2 molecule.


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