Ideal Solution

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An Ideal solution is the one which obeys Roault's Law at all concentrations and temperature and during the formation of which no change in enthalpy and volume takes place i.e.,

P_A = P^o_A X_A

P_B = P^o_BX_B

If the solution is made up of two components which are liquids then,

In the ideal solutions, solvent- solute interactions are equal to solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions.

Few examples are:

(i) n-hexane and n-heptane

(ii) Chloro benzene and bromo benzene

(iii) Ethylene bromide and ethylene chloride

(iv) Carbon tetrachloride and silicon tetrachloride.

More examples of ideal solutions:

1) Ethyl bromide and ethyl iodide

2) Benzene and toluene.

Non-ideal Solutions

In general, most of the solutions deviate from ideal behavior. There are two types of deviations, positive deviation and negative deviations. Such solutions are called non ideal solutions.