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| Introduction |
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| In a Rectangular Cartesian System of coordinates the position of a point in a plane is determined by an ordered pair whose elements give the distances from the intersecting straight lines at right angles to each other. These lines are called the axes. The vertical line is called the Y-axis and the horizontal line is called X-axis. The meeting point O of the axes is called the origin. The distance measured along the X-axis is the x-coordinate or the abscissa. The distance measured along the Y-axis is called the y-coordinate or the ordinate. |
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| The axes divide the plane into 4 quadrants and they are numbered in the anti-clockwise direction. |
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| This system of rectangular Cartesian coordinates is named after the French Mathematician and Philosopher Rine Descartes (1596 - 1650). |
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| The greatest modern mathematical tool available is relations and functions (analysis). Its usefulness is seen through emphasis on mathematising practical situations. |
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| Solving of problems depends on the ability to understand and apply mathematical analysis to different situations. |
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| In this chapter, we will study some fundamental definitions and applications. |
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Ordered Pairs and Cartesian Product
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