If you walk in water you feel water pushing your legs up. If you lift a bucket of water from a tank the bucket appears to be lighter inside the water and suddenly heavy when it comes out of water. These experiences are based on Archimedes' Principle. A weather forecasting balloon floats in air with its heavy equipment! A ship made of steel floats while a steel pin sinks in water!
Let us study in detail about the principles underlying these effects.
Fluids Pressure Upthrust and Flotation
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The pressure exerted by a liquid on the base of the container depends on the vertical height of the liquid over it not on the area of cross-section. As one goes deeper in the swimming pool, the pressure on the ear drum is found to increase. A column of mercury exerts more pressure than a column of water of same height. Pressure exerted by the fluid depends on the height of the liquid column and its density. Hydraulic brakes are more effective as they work on Pascal's law.
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