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| Petroleum |
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| Petroleum is a dark, viscous, foul smelling liquid, a mixture of solid, liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons with traces of salt, rock particles and water. |
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| Complex mixture of hydrocarbons, chiefly alkanes. |
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| Petroleum is believed to have been originated from the remains of sea organisms. The micro organisms have largely contributed to the formation of petroleum. Due to the effect of heat, pressure and catalytic action of anaerobic bacteria, the buried remains of sea organisms decomposes very slowly forming petroleum. |
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| Petroleum occurs in nature, trapped between two layers of impervious (non-porous) rocks, usually under the sea. Natural gas collects above the surface of petroleum. |
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| Petroleum is brought to the surface by drilling a hole in the Earth's crust and sinking pipes deep down through the impervious cap rock. Natural gas first comes out under high pressure. Then, petroleum is pumped out, collected in tanks and transported, for further processing. |
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| Occurrence and production of petroleum |
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