Different Types of Modulation

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Consider a carrier wave represented by

Here e_c is instantaneous value, E_c is amplitude (maximum value), w_c is angular frequency and q is the phase angle of carrier voltage.

Corresponding to the three variables E_c, w_c and q, we can have three different types of modulation.

Amplitude of Modulation

In this type if modulation, w_c and q are kept constant. The amplitude E_c of the carrier wave is varied in accordance with the modulating wave.

Frequency Modulation

In this type of modulation, E_c and q are kept constant. The frequency w_c of the carrier wave is varied in accordance with the modulating wave.

Phase Modulation

In this type of modulation, E_c, w_c are kept constant. The phase angle q of the carrier wave is varied according to the modulating wave. The common name for "phase modulation" and "frequency modulation" is "angle modulation".

The digital transmission of analog signals involves pulse modulation. In analog pulse modulation, time is represented in discrete form. In digital pulse modulation, both time and signal amplitude are represented in discrete form.