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| Spherical Mirrors |
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| It is a part of a hollow sphere, whose one side is reflecting and other side is opaque. |
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| The types of mirrors are: |
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 Concave mirror |
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Convex mirror |
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| Concave mirror whose reflecting surface is towards the centre of the sphere of which the mirror is a part. |
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| Convex mirror is one whose reflecting surface is away from the centre of the sphere of which the mirror is a part. |
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| Convex Mirror |
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| In the above diagram, |
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'C' is the centre of curvature of the spherical mirror, which is a part of the whole sphere. |
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'P' is called the vertex or pole of the mirror, which is the mid point or centre of the spherical mirror. |
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'CP' is called the radius of curvature (R) M1M2 is called the aperture of the mirror. |
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The straight line joining the pole and the centre C extended on both sides is called the principal axis of the mirror. |
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| Principal Focus |
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| F is a point on the principal axis of the mirror at which, rays incident on the mirror in a direction parallel to the axis actually meet or appear to diverge after reflection from the mirror. F is a real point in case of concave mirror and F is a virtual point in case of convex mirror. |
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| Focal Length |
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| The distance of principal focus from the pole of the spherical mirror is called focal length (f) of the mirror. |
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| i.e., PF = f |
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| Radius of Curvature |
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| The distance of C from P is called radius of curvature of the mirror. |
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| i.e., PC = R |
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