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Matter In Our Surroundings
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Summary
- Matter - anything which has mass, occupies space and can be perceived by our senses.
- Law of conservation of matter - matter can neither be created nor destroyed.
- The states of matter are solid, liquid gas, plasma and super cooled solid.
- The three main states of matter are solid, liquid and gas
- Solids are rigid with minimum intermolecular spaces and maximum intermolecular attraction.
- Liquids have lower density than solids because the molecules are more loosely packed with larger inter-molecular spaces.
- Gases have extremely low density and rigidity with very loosely packed molecules.
- There is an attractive force existing between the molecules in all states of matter.
- Gases are highly compressible as compared to liquids and solids.
- Matter can be inter-converted from one state to the other by the addition or removal of heat energy.
- Certain substances change directly into the gaseous state without passing through the liquid state on heating. This process is called sublimation.
- Boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which a liquid changes into its vapour. It depends on the external pressure and the presence of impurities in the liquid.
- Melting point is the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid.
- Evaporation is a surface phenomenon of liquid changing into vapour that causes cooling.
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