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| Nutritional Disorders - Continued |
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| Diseases caused by deficiency of water-soluble vitamins B1, B5 and C. |
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| Vitamin B1 deficiency causes this disease. This water soluble vitamin is also called Thiamine or anti beri beri or antineuritic factor. Beri beri is common in areas where polished rice (dehusked rice) is the major food item. |
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| Symptoms |
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| Partial paralysis of the skeletal muscles, muscular dystrophy, enlargement of the heart, digestive disturbances, nervous disorder and polyneurites are some of the symptoms of Beri Beri. |
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| Prevention / Control |
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| Cereals, pulses, nuts, green leafy vegetables all contain high amounts of vitamin B1. Liver, kidney, milk, and egg yolk also contain vitamin B1. If included in the diet, it prevents the disease and / or controls it. |
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| This disease is caused by the deficiency of vitamin B5. The vitamin is also refered to as Niacin or Nicotinic acid or Pellagra preventing factor. Pellagra is prevalent in areas where maize is the staple food. Maize inhibits the absorption of vitamin B5 into the system and thus, this deficiency leads on to Beri Beri. |
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| Symptoms |
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| This disease is characterised by dermatitis (skin inflammation), diarrhoea and dementia (loss of memory). The disease is often fatal. |
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| Prevention / Control |
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| Cereal husk, peas, beans, lean meat, liver, milk, eggs, nuts and fish all contain vitamin B5. Including these into the diet will prevent and/or control the disease. |
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| Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) deficiency causes Scurvy. |
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| Symptoms |
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| This disease is characterised by bleeding gums, loosening of teeth, muscular and joint pain, along with general weakness, fatigue, loss of weight and poor healing power. |
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| Prevention / Control |
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| Citrus fruits like lemon and orange, tomatoes, cabbage and leafy vegetables contain vitamin C and should be included in the diet. Vitamin C tablets are also available to supplement the body's requirement. |
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