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Question (1):
A scientist in CDRI, Lucknow developed an anti-cerebral malarial drug called A from a plant B. Identify A and B.
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Answer:
A : Arteether
B : Artemisia annua
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Question (2):
Identify the virus. Mention 2 ways in which the disease spreads.
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Answer:
A : It is the AIDS virus
B : AIDS spreads in the following way
 Sexual contact with the infected person
 From mother to child
 Through exchange of body fluids
Note: Students to give any two of the above
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Question (3):
Identify the micro-organism. Give 2 symptoms exhibited by a person suffering from the disease.
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Answer:
It is Myobacterium tuberculosis.
Symptoms:
 Loss of apetite and weight
 Typical fever pattern and night sweats
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Question (4):
What is other chemical name of vitamin -C?
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Answer:
Ascorbic acid is the chemical name of vitamin-C.
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Question (5):
Identify the micro-organism. What type of micro-organism is it? Name another disease caused by the same type of micro-organism.
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Answer:
 It is the bacteria called vibrio cholerae
 Tuberculosis is the other bacterial disease
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Question (6):
Identify the micro-organism and the disease it causes. Name 2 vaccines which are available for the disease.
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Answer:
It is a bacteria called salmonella typhi which causes typhoid. TAB and typhoral oral vaccine are 2 vaccines available for typhoid.
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Question (7):
A patient has been recommended to eat the husk of isabgol with water or curd. What is he suffering from?
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Answer:
The patient is suffering from diarrhoea.
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Question (8):
An athlete has just won the marathon and he is very tired and on the verge of dehydration. What first aid will you administer?
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Answer:
The athlete should be given a rehydration fluid or a pinch of salt and sugar in about 200 mL of water.
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Question (9):
A certain woman has a second pregnancy when the first child is too young. What is the first child likely to suffer from?
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Answer:
The first child is likely to suffer from marasmus.
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Question (10):
A certain family buys salt of inferior quality. They also do not have access to sea food, vegetables and fruits. As a result the children suffer from retarded mental and physical growth. What deficiency are they facing? Suggest 2 remedies.
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Answer:
They are suffering from deficiency of iodine.
Remedies are as follows:(any 2)
 Sodium iodate tablets
 Iodised salts
 Intra muscular injection of iodised oil
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Question (11):
Why is excessive consumption of vitamin C not dangerous as compared to that of vitamin A or D?
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Answer:
Vitamin C is water soluble and hence, is excreted from the body, whereas, excess vitamin A or D accumulate in the body.
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Question (12):
A person suffers from night blindness. What is absent in his diet? Suggest 2 food items that can replerish it.
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Answer:
Vitamin A is either absent in his diet or is being taken is deficient quantities. Fish, tomatoes and papayas are rich in vitamin A.
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Question (13):
A child complains that he is suffering from a loss of appetite. It is noticed that his face has bulging eyes and his legs have become long and curved. Which disease is he suffering from?
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Answer:
He is suffering from kwashiorkor.
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Question (14):
If rickets is related to children, what is the equivalent disease that is related to adults?
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Answer:
Osteomalacia is the equivalent disease that is related to adults.
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Question (15):
Why does deficiency of vitamin D affect the bones?
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Answer:
Deficiency of vitamin D leads to excessive loss of Ca2+ in urine. Therefore, no Ca2+ gets deposited in the bones.
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Question (16):
What are pathogens? Name 4 pathogens.
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Answer:
Pathogens are disease causing micro-organisms.
Four pathogens are bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa.
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Question (17):
Broadly classify diseases into two groups giving three examples for each of them.
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Answer:
Diseases can be broadly classified into 2 groups. They are
 Communicable or infectious diseases: They are caused by pathogens and can be transmitted from one person to another.
Example: Malaria, AIDS, influenza (Flu)
 Non-communicable (non-infectious) diseases: They cannot be spread from an infected person to a healthy person.
Example: Marasmus, anaemia, goitre
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Question (18):
Name the drug used to cure a person suffering from malaria. Name the source of the drug.
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Answer:
Quinine, a drug extracted from the bark of the cinchona tree is used to cure a person suffering from malaria.
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Question (19):
Give two symptoms of flu. Name the disease causing micro-organism.
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Answer:
Symptoms of flu : cold and cough
Disease causing micro-organism : Myxovirus influenzae
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Question (20):
Which disease is also called the 'disease of the liver'?
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Answer:
Jaundice or hepatitis is also called the 'disease of the liver'.
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Question (21):
What is the other name of rabies?
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Answer:
Hydrophobia is the other name of rabies.
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Question (22):
What is the full-form of AIDS?
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Answer:
Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome.
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Question (23):
Who discovered tuberculosis? Name the disease causing micro-organism.
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Answer:
Robert Koch discovered T.B. in 1982. It is caused by the bacterium: 'Myobacterium tuberculosis'.
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Question (24):
Name two types of T.B.
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Answer:
 Lung or Pulmonary T.B.
 Lymph gland T.B.
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Question (25):
What is BCG?
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Answer:
BCG or Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin is a vaccine for tuberculosis in which weaker tuberculoses bacillus is injected into the patient.
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Question (26):
Name the disease which is common during fairs, after floods and when the sanitation is poor.
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Answer:
Cholera is the disease which is common during fairs, after floods and when the sanitation is poor.
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Question (27):
Which is our country's most common communicable disease? Name the disease causing micro-organism. Where is it found in the human body?
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Answer:
Typhoid (caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi) is our country's most common communicable disease. The bacteria is commonly found in intestine of man.
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Question (28):
Name the disease that can be caused by certain types of bacteria, protozoa and viruses.
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Answer:
Diarrhoea is the disease that can be caused by certain types of bacteria, protozoa and viruses.
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Question (29):
What is PEM? Name two such diseases.
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Answer:
PEM or Protein Energy Malnutrition is a nutritional disorder.
Example: Marasmus, Kwashiorkor
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Question (30):
What is the daily requirement of iron? What is the disease caused due to the deficiency of iron?
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Answer:
Daily requirement of iron : 25 mg
Disease : Anaemia
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Question (31):
Name the disease in which the thyroid gland swells up.
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Answer:
Goitre is the disease in which the thyroid gland swells up.
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Question (32):
Keratinisation of conjunctiva and cornea of the eyes, are the important symptoms of deficiency of which vitamin?
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Answer:
Keratinisation of conjunctiva and cornea of the eyes, are the important symptoms of deficiency of Vitamin A.
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Question (33):
Deficiency of Vitamin D leads to the loss of which mineral in urine?
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Answer:
Deficiency of Vitamin D leads to the loss of Ca2+ in urine.
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Question (34):
What is the 4D-syndrome?
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Answer:
It stands for the various symptoms exhibited by a person suffering from pellagra.
The symptoms are dermatitis, dementia and diarrhoea which could result in death.
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