- The covalent compounds do not exist as ions but they
exist as molecules
- They exist at room temperature, as liquids or
gases. However, a few compounds also exist in the solid state e.g. urea,
sugar, etc.
- The melting and boiling points of covalent compounds are
generally low
- Covalent compounds are generally insoluble or less
soluble in water and in other polar solvents
- These are poor
conductors of electricity in the fused or dissolved state
- Since the
covalent bond is localized in between the nuclei of atoms, it is directional
in nature
A covalent bond can be formed in different ways. When a bond is formed by mutual sharing of one pair of electrons it is known as a 'single covalent bond', or simply 'a single bond'. When a bond is developed due to mutual sharing of more than one pairs of electrons it is termed as 'multiple covalent bond'. Such bonds can be a double covalent bond or a triple covalent bond.
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