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Study of the compounds of carbon is organic
chemistry. They form the basis of living organisms and the things around us.
An unique property of carbon is 'catenation'. It is the property of forming
bonds with the atoms of the same element. The catenation property of carbon
is the basis of organic chemistry.Carbon is tetravalent in nature and forms the single, double and triple covalent bonds to combine with elements hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur,
nitrogen and chlorine to form various types of compoundsIsomers are
compounds having same molecular formula but different structural formula.
Carbon compounds display isomerism.An atom or a group of atoms that
determine the characteristic properties of a carbon compound is called
Functional groupFunctional groups such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones,
ethers, carboxylic acids give characteristic properties to these compounds
Compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen, as their elements are known
as Hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are a parent group of carbon compounds with
many sub functional groups.Carbon compounds are known to exist as
linear chains, branched chains and cyclic ringsNomenclature is the
system of assigning a proper name to a particular organic compound on the
basis of certain rulesCombustion, oxidation, addition and
substitution reactions are the important reactions of carbon compounds
Carbon compounds are major sources of our fuelsEthanol and ethanoic
acid are two important compounds used in our daily lifeEthyl
alcohol (commonly referred to as alcohol), may serve as source of energy in
small quantities. But in large amounts it affects the nervous system. Methyl
alcohol is poisonous and can cause blindness and be fatal.Soaps are
sodium or potassium salts of long chain fatty (carboxylic) acids containing
both hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups that emulsifies dirt to remove it
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