Question 1
Question: Which type of reproduction produces identical offspring and which type does not produce offspring that are exactly similar to the parents?
Answer: Asexual reproduction produces identical offspring while sexual reproduction does not produce offspring that are exactly similar to the parents.
Question 2
Question: Why do we see different kinds of organisms around us?
Answer: We see different kinds of organisms around us due to variations.
Question 3
Question: Define heredity. Give some common instances of inherited traits in Humans.
Answer: Heredity may be defined as the transmission of characteristics through generations. Common instances of inherited traits may include, colour of skin, colour of eyes, diseases like, diabities and conditions like baldness
Question 4
Question: Who was Gregor Mendel and what was his contribution to science?
Answer: Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk who first started the study of inheritance in an organized manner. This was the beginning of genetics and therefore, he is called the Father of Genetics.
Question 5
Question: Which plant did Mendel select for his studies and why?
Answer: Mendel selected the purebred garden pea plant for his studies. These plants showed many contrasting traits that were easy to track through the generations.These plants are naturally self-pollinated allowed him to easily get pure lines for his studies.
Question 6
Question: What are hybrids? How does one distinguish a monohybrid from a dihybrid cross?
Answer: The plants produced as a result of cross between two different plants are called hybrids. Monohybrid cross is the cross between two organisms in which the inheritance of only one trait is followed. The crosses that study two traits together are called the dihybrid crosses.
Question 7
Question: What are phenotype and genotype?
Answer: Phenotype refers to the externally exhibited trait whereas genotype refers to the traits developed by genes.
Question 8
Question: What is the physical basis of heredity? What are alleles?
Answer: Genes are the physical basis of heredity. The different expressions of the same genes are called alleles.
Question 9
Question: What are homozygous and heterozygous plants?
Answer: Homozygous plants are those with similar alleles for a trait. Heterozygous plants have different alleles for a trait.
Question 10
Question: What are the phenotypic and genotypic ratio in the F2 generation in monohybrid cross?
Answer: The phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation in monohybrid cross is 3:1 and the genotypic ratio is 1:2:1.
