Metals and Non-metals - Test Questions

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Question 1

Question:   Compare the properties of a typical metal and a non-metal on the basis of the following. Fill in Column A, B.

Properties	A Metal	B Non- metal
Electronic configuration	?	?
Nature of oxides	?	?
Oxidizing or reducing action	?	?
Conduction of heat and electricity	?	?

PropertiesA MetalB Non- metalElectronic configuration??Nature of oxides??Oxidizing or reducing action??Conduction of heat and electricity??

Answer:   

Properties	A Metal	B Non- metal
Electronic configuration	Have 1, 2, 3 valence electrons	Have 4, 5, 6, 7 valence electrons
Nature of oxides	Form metallic oxides i.e., basic or amphoreic oxides	Formic acidic oxides or neutral oxides
Oxidizing or reducing action	Metals are donors of electrons M - eM+ Therefore they act as reducing agents	Non-metals generally accept electrons X + eX- and act as oxidizing agents
Conduction of heat and electricity	Good conductors of heat and electricity	Non-conductors of heat and electricity

PropertiesA MetalB Non- metalElectronic configurationHave 1, 2, 3 valence electronsHave 4, 5, 6, 7 valence electronsNature of oxidesForm metallic oxides i.e., basic or amphoreic oxidesFormic acidic oxides or neutral oxidesOxidizing or reducing actionMetals are donors of electrons
M - eM⁺
Therefore they act as reducing agentsNon-metals generally accept electrons
X + eX^-
and act as oxidizing agentsConduction of heat and electricityGood conductors of heat and electricityNon-conductors of heat and electricity

Question 2

Question:   Name the following:
1) A molten metal that catches fire in chlorine gas and gives off white fumes
2) A metal that forms two types of oxides and rusts in moisture; write their formulae also
3) A metal used in hot water systems
4) A metal used in long distance cables wires
5) A metal added to gold to harden it

Answer:   
1) The molten metal that catches fire in chlorine gas and gives off white fumes is sodium.
2) The metal that forms two types of oxides and rusts in moisture is iron. The formulas of its oxides are: FeO; Fe₂O₃.
3) The metal used in hot water systems is copper, because it is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
4) The metal used in long distance cables wires is aluminium, because it is a light metal and a very good conductor of electricity.
5) The metal added to gold to harden it is copper.

Question 3

Question:   A copper plate was dipped in AgNO₃solution. After certain time silver from the solution was deposited on the copper plate. State the reason why it happened. Give the chemical equation of the reaction involved.

Answer:    Copper is more reactive than silver, therefore, it displaces silver from silver nitrate.

Question 4

Question:   Name two metals which can displace hydrogen from dilute HCl.

Answer:    Zinc and Iron

Question 5

Question:   An element X on reacting with oxygen forms an oxide X₂O. This oxide dissolves in water and turns blue litmus red. State whether element X is metal or a non-metal.

Answer:    Since the oxide turns blue litmus red, therefore X is a non-metal because it is an acidic oxide.

Question 6

Question:   Metals replace hydrogen from acid, whereas non-metals do not. Why?

Answer:    Non-metals cannot supply electrons to convert H⁺ to H₂(g) whereas metals can give electrons to convert
2H⁺ + 2e^-H₂(g).

Question 7

Question:   Name the metal which occurs below copper in the reactivity series. Also name the metal that lies just above hydrogen in the reactivity series

Answer:    Mercury occurs below copper in the reactivity series. Copper is the metal just above hydrogen in the reactivity series.

Question 8

Question:   Why are the two non-metals, carbon and hydrogen are important chemical reference points with regard to the method of metal extraction and reactivity towards acids.

Answer:    The six metals K, Na, Li, Ca, Mg, and Al, which lie above carbon in the activity series, cannot be extracted by carbon reduction: they are usually extracted by electrolysis. Metals below hydrogen i.e., Cu, Ag, Au and Pt, are transition metals that will not displace hydrogen from acids.

Question 9

Question:   a) What is the behaviour of magnesium when it is heated and steam is passed over it? Represent the equation. b) Can carbon dioxide react with magnesium?

Answer:    a) When steam is passed over heated magnesium a reaction takes place where a white powder magnesium oxide is formed along with hydrogen. Magnesium will burn with a bright white flame in steam, if previously ignited in air.


b) Ironically, magnesium will even burn in carbon dioxide forming black specks of carbon!

Question 10

Question:   A zinc rod was kept in a glass container having CuSO₄solution. On examining, it was found that the blue colour of the solution had faded. After few days when the zinc rod was taken out of the solution, a number of small holes were noticed in it. State the reason and give equation of chemical reaction involved.

Answer:   

Zinc has displaced Cu from CuSO₄ solution; therefore holes were noticed on zinc plate.