2 protons 2 neutrons 2 electrons

The stability linked to the n - p ratio is explained by strong n - p as well as p - p attractive forces operative at the level of nuclear distances. For heavier nuclides, p - p repulsions start to offset the attractive forces and an excess of neutrons over protons is required fo..

A neutron is a particle having a mass equal to 1.67 x 10 - 2 4 g (hydrogen atom) and no electrical charg..

. Thus the relative mass of such a particle = 1 amu and the absolute mass = 1.6 x 10 - 2 4 g. Because of their electrical neutrality, these particles were called neutrons We are now in a position of explain why the atomic mass of carbon is 12. It is now known that the carbon ato..

Atoms and Nuclei..

So, three of the hybrid orbitals are singly occupied, while the fourth hybrid orbital remains vacant. The two half-filled hybrid orbitals of each B atom overlap with two '1s' orbitals of two 'H' atoms, giving rise to in all four B - H regular covalent bonds. Each boro..

Electron Transport System - The metabolic pathway through which the electron passes from one carrier to another, is called the electron transport system. Electron Transport System (ETS) in Mitochondrion The electron transport system occurs in the in..

Group 2 elements are called alkaline Earth metals. These elements have two electrons in the valence shell of their atoms, preceded by the noble gas configuration. Their general configuration is written as [Noble gas] ns 2 where 'n' represents the valence sh..

Iron, which has to be continuously remain in contact with water, as in the body of ships, can be given a kind of electronic protection. Pieces of a more reactive metal, such as magnesium are attached to that part of the ship that remains under water. When in contact with water, the magne..

It is a sophisticated form of microscope, which can provide a higher magnification of the object (up to 1,00,000 times or more). The electron microscope employs an electron beam emanating from a cathode, instead of light as in the compound microscope. It uses coils instead of le..

The distribution of electrons in different orbitals is known as its electronic configuration. This characterizes each electron in an atom. The electronic configuration is expressed by indicating the principal quantum number and its respective orbital along wi..