3 physical properties

1) No point can be at different potentials, so equipotential surface for different potentials can never touch or intersect. 2) Potential energy does not change as a test charge moves over an equipotential surface and hence the electric field can do no work on such a charge. Because of this reason ..

The lines of force or field lines 1) start from positive charges and end at negative charges. In the case of a single charge, they may start or end at infinity. 2) two field lines can never intersect each other. 3) contract longitudinally. 4) exert lateral pressure on one another. 5) are..

This property is related to the parallelism of the laser beam. As for star light, the size of the focused spot for a laser beam is limited only by diffraction effects and not by the size of the source. Flux densities for focused laser light of 10 1 5 W cm - 2 are readily achieved. An..

Numerical 02 - Predict the effect on the electrical properties of a silicon crystal at room temperature (300 K) if every millionth silicon atom is replaced by an atom of indium. Given: concentration of atoms = 5 x 10 2 8 m - 3 ; intrinsic carrier concentration = 1.5 x 10 1 6 m -..

Isotopes - These are the elements having same atomic number but different mass number. They have the same atomic number because the number of protons inside their nuclei remains the same. The difference in their mass number is due to the difference in their number of neutrons. Since they are neutra..

Limitations of Ohm's Law - Ohm's law is not a fundamental law of nature. There are a number of commonly used circuit elements which do not obey this law. They have one or more of the following properties: 1. V depends on I non-linearly. 2. The relationship between V and I depends on the s..

Property Eye Camera Type of lens Convex lens Convex lens Nature of the image Real, inverted and diminished Real, inverted and diminished Light control mechanism The pupil contracts and dilates according to the intensity of light Adjustments of aperture ..

An optical fiber is a dielectric wave guide that transports light signals from one place to another just as a twisted-wire pair or a coaxial cable transports electrical signals. It consists of a central core within which the propagating electromagnetic field is confined and which is surrounded by a..

Optical Communication - Optical Fibres - An optical fiber is a dielectric wave guide that transports light signals from one place to another just as a twisted-wire pair or a coaxial cable transports electrical signals. It consists of a central core within which the propagating electromagnetic field..

Take points 1,2,3 on the given wavefront AB. The distance traveled by light in t secs will be 'ct' where c is the velocity of light. With point 1 as centre and ct as radius, draw a sphere as shown (dotted circles). Repeat for points 2 and 3 and so on. Now draw a surface A 1 B 1 ..