4 log reduction

Acyl halides are reduced to primary alcohols with LiAlH 4 and NaBH 4 . ..

On reduction with moist iron filings, CCl 4 gives chloroform...

Acyl halides are reduced to primary alcohols with LiAlH 4 and NaBH 4 . Partial reduction of acyl chloride to aldehydes can also be done by catalytic hydrogenation over palladium catalyst supported on barium sulphate. Small accounts of quinoline and sulphur are added to..

Acyl halides on treatment with ammonia or amines form primary, secondary or tertiary amides which are reduced with a strong reducing agent like LiAlH 4 to form corresponding amine..

Reduction of Nitriles - On treatment with sodium cyanide, alkyl halides undergo nucleophilic substitution to form alkyl nitriles which on reduction with LiAlH 4 or Catalytic hydrogenation, form primary amines which have one more carbon than the alkyl halide used. This ..

Aldehydes and ketones on mild reduction give primary and secondary alcohols respectively. This type of reduction is carried out either catalytically with H 2 in the presence of Ni, Pt or Pd or chemically by LiAlH 4 (Lithium Aluminium Hydride) or NaBH 4 (S..

Reduction of Amides - Acyl halides on treatment with ammonia or amines form primary, secondary or tertiary amides which are reduced with a strong reducing agent like LiAlH 4 to form corresponding amine..

Summary Exponential and Logarithmic Series - 2 < e < 3 The value of e rounded off to four decimal places is 2.7183. For complex numbers x,y, we have e x + y = e x y y . For any rational number x, the sum, e x , of the seri..

The sum of the infinite series 1 + 1/1! + 1/2! + 1/3! + 1/4! + ... is called the exponential number. If x is any complex number then the series is called the exponential series. It can be proved mathematically that this exponential series has a sum and we denote it by e x ..

We know that log 2 8 is the number to which 2 must be raised to get 8. Therefore, log 2 8 = 3. In general, if a x = y, (a > 0), then we say that log a y = x. If e x = y, then we say that the natural logarithm of y is x and we write log y = x. In ..