air and gas industries

(Nitrogen becomes liquid at -196 o C). Liquid air is then led into a chamber, and allowed to warm up, by absorbing heat from the atmosphere. The boiling point of nitrogen is -196 o C; when this temperature is reached, nitrogen starts boiling and the vapours (gas) is collected an..

a) Metal casting can be tested for cracks by putting them in baths of radioactive salts. The castings are then inspected for radioactivity to find out any penetration of salts into cracks. Absence of salt penetration indicates absence of cracks. b) Radioactive isotopes can be used to detect any le..

Industrially, oxygen is manufactured from the air. The industrial method is based on a very simple principle known as Joule-Thomson effect. Air is first subjected to liquefaction (made liquid) and then to fractional distillation, to separate out oxygen from ..

. Ozone absorbs the ultraviolet radiation and while doing so breaks down into nascent oxygen (O) and oxygen gas O 2..

Industrial hydrogen is prepared with the help of coke, air and water. Coke is packed into a huge furnace or chamber, and very hot air is passed through for some time. The oxygen of the air combines with the coke to form carbon dioxide, liberating huge amount ..

a) Checking the air pollution by strict imposition of laws on factories. b) Reducing vehicular traffic and encouraging public transport vehicles than individual vehicles. c) Use of unleaded petrol. d) Regular check of exhaust gases from vehicles to declare their status in respect of poll..

Industrial - The chief source of free nitrogen is atmospheric air and nitrogen is usually prepared from it. Air free from dust, water vapour and carbon dioxide is compressed in a compression chamber for liquefaction. Firstly, the pressure on the air is increa..

Chlorine is mostly obtained as a by-product during the manufacture of caustic soda, by the electrolysis of brine or molten sodium chloride. Hence chlorine is rather prepared by cheap methods. During this electrolysis, chlorine is liberated at the anode. Remember:- As chlorine is denser than ..

Hydrochloric acid is produced along with the industrial preparation of caustic soda (sodium hydroxide). During the electrolysis of sodium chloride, large quantities of hydrogen and chlorine gas are obtained as by-products. These two gases are burnt to form hydrogen chlorid..

In many industries, ammonia gas (NH 3 ) is used as reducing agent. It is a corrosive gas with a high potentiality of causing throat irritations, burning of pharynx, oesophagus, etc. It can also cause digestive problems - when excess gas is inhale..