an introduction to group dynamics

Introduction - Elements of group 13 to 18 of the periodic table are collectively called 'p' block elements. The general electronic configuration of these elements is ns 2 np 1 - 6 . They involve the filling up of 'p' orbitals of their outermost shells, when their 's' orbitals ar..

In the physical world, one of the most common phenomena is motion. The branch of Physics, which deals with the behaviour of moving objects, is known as mechanics. Mechanics is further divided into two sections namely Kinematics and Dynamics. Kinematics deals with the study of motion witho..

In the physical world, one of the most common phenomena is motion. The branch of Physics, which deals with the behaviour of moving objects, is known as mechanics. Mechanics is further divided into two sections namely Kinematics and Dynamics. Kinematics deals with the study of motion witho..

A dynamic environment of matter and material surrounds man. Since his birth he has been exposed to these changing surroundings. His curiosity to understand his surroundings and the events occurring around him, has led him to systematically enquire and collect information through exp..

Cyanides are characterized by the presence of cyano (-CN) group in their molecules. They are considered to be the derivatives of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in which H atom is replaced by alkyl or aryl group. If -CN group is linked to alkyl group, the compou..

Functional groups containing nitrogen are present in a variety of naturally occurring and man made organic compounds. These functional groups impart physico- chemical characteristics to these molecules. These groups are responsible for their unique chemical react..

The notice is a colourful and arresting (interesting) information put up on the notice board to attract the attention of a particular target group. It must convey all relevant informatio..

Sodium belongs to Group I in the periodic table. This group is otherwise known as the alkali metals group. Since the atomic number of sodium is 11, its electronic configuration is 2,8,1. Sodium easily loses the lone electron to attain the stable configuration of ..

There are 109 elements known at present. 92 elements occur in nature, while the rest are man-made. All materials on the Earth are made of these naturally occurring elements. These are classified into metals, non-metals, and metalloids. The occurrence and extraction of some lighter metals is describ..

This chapter contains oxygen compounds in which oxygen is bonded to a carbon atom through a double bond. The functional unit >C = O, present in these compounds is called carbonyl group. We limit our study now to compounds having an acyl group (R - C = O) is bonded to hy..