artificial human chromosomes

In the diploid number, chromosomes are always found in pairs. In each pair there are two identical chromosomes, called homologous chromosomes. These chromosomes are identical in size, appearance and position of the centromere. Apart from this, the two homolog..

As can be seen from the human karyogram, the chromosomes are classified into two types, autosomes and sex chromosomes. The autosomes have homologous chromosomes as pairs whereas the sex chromosomes are of two different types - X and Y. A female has..

It is a comprehensive international effort started in 1990 by molecular biologists to map the entire human genome by determining the complete nucleotide sequence of DNA of each chromosome..

>Culturing of human cells invitro, help in understanding the biochemical basis of inheritance. Human cytology and karyotyping helps in ascertaining the number, shape size and structural features of chromosomes. Study of monogygotic twins helps in distinguishing between..

All the genes located on a particular chromosome, form a linkage group. Since the genes present on a particular chromosome have their alleles located on its homologous chromosome, genes on a pair of homologous chromosomes. Hence, the number of linkage groups ..

Genomics is the study of genomes and genes based on DNA sequencing. Genome is the total gene complement of a haploid set of chromosomes and inherited as a unit from one parent. A genome has a specific organisation and it can be artificially modified by introducing foreign gen..

In this method embryos are generated artificially by somatic cells carrying 2n chromosomes as against embryos normally produced in nature by gametes carrying chromosomes. These embryos are called embryoids . They are grown in large number in a small volume of nutrien..

Types of Cell Division - Cell division is a method by which new cells are originated from pre-existing cells. The formation of daughter amoebae in amoeba, the development of sex cells and the growth of a young animal or plant into an adult, all involve cell multiplication. In order to multiply in n..

Introduction - The term 'natural resources' refers to all the natural things on our earth. It includes everything, that is naturally available and that is not creatable by any human activity. It specifically excludes the materials created by man. Human being and his anthropologi..

Sex Determination - During the formation of gametes, the females will have only one type of gametes, all with one X chromosome. However, the males will produce two types of gametes or sperms, half with X chromosome and half with Y chromosome. Thus the sex of a zygote i..