azeotropic removal of water

fig 3.8 - The boiling point diagram for ethanol-water (not-drawn to scale) Solution that show negative deviation form maximum boiling azeotropy. A solution of HNO 3 and H 2 O of approximately 68% nitric acid and 32% of water by mass is an example of..

Removal of Temporary Hardnes..

The above solution of hydrogen peroxide is placed in a vacuum desiccator containing concentrated sulphuric acid. The water vapours are absorbed upto 90%. Finally, higher concentration is achieved by cooling the above solution till it begins to crystallize. The crystals being richer in hy..

Reductive Removal of Nitro Group - The nitro group can be removed from an aromatic ring via the following steps: i) reduction of nitro group to amine ii) diazotization of amine with HNO 2 iii) reductive removal of the diazonium group using sodium borohydride ..

The nitro group can be removed from an aromatic ring via the following steps: i) reduction of nitro group to amine ii) diazotization of amine with HNO 2..

Removal of topsoil by water is called water erosion. It takes place in the following ways: Sheet erosion Rill erosion Gully erosion Riparian erosion Wind erosi..

Succinic acid is oxidised to fumaric acid by the removal of 2 hydrogen atoms. The reaction is catalysed by succinic acid dehydrogenase. The hydrogen atoms are accepted by FAD and it forms FADH 2..

Temporary hardness in water can be easily removed by boiling. On boiling, calcium/magnesium bicarbonate decomposes to give calcium/magnesium carbonate, which is insoluble in water. Therefore, it precipitates out...

Water is the only substance that can exist simultaneously in all the three states of matter, i.e., solid, liquid and gaseous on this earth,. A simple experiment shows the existence of all these three states together. Take a glass half packed with ice cubes and cover it. The ice starts mel..

Presence of Water Vapour in Air - Ordinary air seems to be dry. It does not cause wetness on our body or clothes. However, you may have some idea about the huge quantity of rain, snow, dew, etc. that gets formed in a year throughout the world. All of it comes only from the air. Thus, the ..