book summaries chapter by chapter

Tanya was reading a novel, which had 10 chapters. She spent 1 hour(s) reading the first chapter and took the same amount of time to read all the other chapters of the novel. She completed reading the novel in 19 hours. Solve the equation 1 + 9 h = 19, to find h , the n..

The essential conditions to be satisfied for work to be done are: Some force must act on the object. The point of application of force must move in the direction of force. W = F x s SI unit of work is joule. Energy is the capacity to do work. The two types of mechanical energy are kin..

; equal to the radius. 180 o = p radians . The circular measure ( q ) of the angle subtended at the centre of the circle of radius r by an arc of length l is equal to l/r i.e., q = 1/r. Each interior angle of a regular polygon of n sides is equal ..

If x and y are any real numbers, then x+iy is called a complex number. In the complex number x+iy, the real numbers x and y are respectively called the real part and imaginary part of x+iy. Two complex numbers are said to be equal if their real parts and imaginary parts are separately equa..

Light is a form of energy which can be reflected either by a plane or spherical mirror. Depending upon the type of mirror used for reflection of light the use of reflecting surface also varies. In the next chapter let us see what happens when light moves from one medium to anothe..

sine of an angle = cosine of its complement. If sin A = cos B, then A + B = 90 o . Trigonometric ratios of standard angles (i) sin 0 o = 0, cos 0 o = 1, tan 0 o = 0 (ii..

Let y = f(x) be a smooth curve and P(x,y) be a point on the curve. Equation of the tangent at (x 1 , y 1 ) in the curve y = f (x) is y - y 1 Equation of the nor..

Animals can be broadly distinguished into two major groups: The Nonchordates (or invertebrates) The chordates Nonchordates are animals which do not have a vertebral column or a backbone. Earthworm and cockroach are examples of nonchordates. Chordates are animals which have a notochord on..

f(x) is called the integrand, F(x) is called the particular integral and C the constant of integratio..

A set A is said to be a proper subset of set B if A is a subset of B and A is not equal to B. If A is a proper subset of B, then we write A B. In order to show that A B it is sufficient to show that each element of A is in B and there is at least one element in B, which is not in A. Set Operations ..