cellulose structure

Amylose is water soluble, long unbranched (linear) chain with 200-1000 D-glucose units. These units are joined together by a (1 4) glycosidic linkage involving C-1 of one glucose unit and C-4 of the other glucose unit. Its molecular weight can range from 10,000 to 500,000. Amylose gives blue color ..

It is the chief constituent of the cell walls of plants wood contains 45-50% while cotton contains 90-95% cellulose. It is a colourless amorphous solid which decomposes on heating. It is largely linear and its individual strands align with each other through multiple hydrogen bonds. This ..

They consist of repeat units of monosaccharides or their derivatives. These units are held by glycosidic bonds. These carbohydrates liberate large number of monosaccharide molecules on hydrolysis. They are colorless and tasteless. So, they are called non-sugars. They are concerned with two im..

Carbohydrates - Introduction - Carbohydrates are the organic molecules that are composed of elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. These carbohydrates are referred to as saccharides. Carbohydrates are defined as polyhydroxy-aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones or compounds, which produce them on hydroly..

Functions of Carbohydrates - Carbohydrates participate in a wide range of functions: Carbohydrates are most abundant dietary source of energy for all organisms. They supply energy and serve as storage form of energy. Carbohydrates such as glucose, fructose, starch, glycogen, etc. provide energy for..

Polysaccharides - Introduction - They consist of repeat units of monosaccharides or their derivatives. These units are held by glycosidic bonds. These carbohydrates liberate large number of monosaccharide molecules on hydrolysis. They are colorless and tasteless. So, they are called non-sugars. The..

Reverse Osmosis and Water Purification - The osmosis process can actually be reversed if a pressure larger than the osmotic pressure be applied to the solution. This phenomenon has found uses in water purification, especially the desalination of sea water. An apparatus for this process is shown in ..

They are found abundantly in pteridophytes, gymnosperms and primitive angiosperms. In these groups of plants, the tracheids represent the most active water conducting elements. In advanced angiosperms, the tracheids are found restricted to leaf margin and leaf tip. The tracheids are elongated, dea..

Summary - The macromolecules found in a cell are large molecules with a complex structure and very high molecular weight. They are represented by polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids. Polysaccharides are polymers of monosaccharides. They are linear, branched or unbranched molecular..

fig. 14.2 - Starch Grains from Different Sources Based on their functional significance, polysaccharides can be distinguished under two categories namely storage polysaccharides (e.g., starch and glycogen) and Structural polysaccharides (e.g., cellulose, lignin and chitin). The ..