chapter 1

Separate the equation into two half reactions: The oxidation number of various atoms are shown below: In this case, chromium undergoes reduction, oxidation number decreases from +6 (in Cr 2 O ) to +3 (in Cr 3 + ) Fe 2 + (O.N. = +2) changes to Fe 3 + (O.N. = +3). The species undergoing oxida..

Carbon monoxide burns in oxygen to give carbon dioxide, as per the equation: Calculate the volume of oxygen required for the complete combustion of 30 litres of carbon monoxide. What is the volume of carbon dioxide produce..

Equations of the form In such equations, put x n = t then the equation reduces to at 2 + bt + c = 0. Solve for t and then obtain the value of ..

If n N, then ..

If it is a positively charged body, then the electric lines of force are directed away from the body..

Let f be continuous on [a, b] and differentiable on the open interval (a, b). Then (a) f is increasing on [a, b] if f '(x) > 0 for each x (a, b) (b) f is decreasing on [a, b] if f '(x) < 0 for each x (a, b) This theorem can be proved by using Mean Value Theorem. We shall prove the theore..

A differential equation is a relation between the independent, dependent variables and their differential coefficients. Example:..

When the value of K is smaller than one, the reaction in the backward direction is favoured. In such cases, the equilibrium concentration of reactants will be much higher than the concentration of the products. For example, the equilibrium constant for the reaction, at 298 K is, The ..

When the polymerization takes place at C 1 and C 4 of butadiene, an unbranched polymer is formed. This product is different from that formed from an alkene in having a double bond which at each of its carbons is substituted by different groups. Due to this the product can exist either ..

Alcohols with four or more carbon atoms exhibit this type of isomerism in which the carbon skeleton is different. ..