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The transference of energy may take place as work if the system and surroundings have different pressures. For e.g., suppose a gaseous system is enclosed in a cylinder fitted with a movable piston. If pressure of the system is higher, the piston will be pushed up until the pressure of th..

H 2 and O 2 are bubbled through a porous carbon rod into concentrated NaOH. Catalysts are present in the electrodes. ..

Slurry (mixture of equal quantities of biomass and water) is prepared in the mixing tank. The prepared slurry is fed into the inlet chamber of the digester through the inlet pipe. The plant is left unused for about two months and introduction of more slurry is stopped. During this period..

Work is another mode of transference of energy. Work is said to be done if the point of application of force undergoes displacement in the direction of the force. If the system loses energy, we say that the work is done by the system. Alternatively, if the system gain..

The heat changes are measured in calories (cal), kilo calories (kcal), joules (J) or kilojoules (kJ). These are related as: 1 cal = 4.184J 1 kcal = 4.184kJ The S.I. unit of heat is joule or kilojoule Work is measured in terms of ergs or joules. I Joule = 10 7 ergs. 1calorie = 4.184 x 10..

A zinc rod is dipped in ZnSO 4 solution and a Cu rod in CuSO 4 solution. The Zn rod is externally connected to the copper rod through a rheostat, a galvanometer and a plug key. fig 5.10 The two aqueous solutions are interlinked through a salt bridge which is an inverted 'u' tube which is filled wit..

We have learnt that of DG is a measure of the spontaneity of a chemical reaction. It can be shown that the free energy of a process is equal to maximum possible work that can be derived from the proces..

We have learnt that of D G is a measure of the spontaneity of a chemical reaction. It can be shown that the free energy of a process is equal to maximum possible work that can be derived from the process as given below: From first law of thermodynamics, it is known that D E = q + w, where..

2. A system absorbs 470 J of heat and does work equivalent to 200J on its surroundings. Calculate the change in internal energ..

6. A gas expands from a volume of 3.0 dm 3 to 5.0 dm 3 against constant external pressure of 3.0 atm. The work of expansion is used to heat 10.0 mol of water at temperature 290.0 K. Calculate final temperature of water. (Specific heat of water = 4.184 JK - 1 g - 1..