conclusion.

Presence of dangerous unnatural ingredeints causing imbalance in the ecosystems and health hazards to human beings and animals is called pollution. Pollution is mainly found in air, water, soil, food and sound. Major human activities like industries, agriculture, health care, transport, dwe..

Respiration is an important process in nature. It is a process by which the solar energy trapped by the plants in the food can be utilised. The organic compounds are broken down to release energy. This energy is in the form of ATP molecules and is made available for all the vital activities of the ..

Nucleus of an atom is positively charged Nucleus is very dense and hard Nucleus is very small compared to the size of the atom. ..

In this chapter on chemical bonding, we have learnt the meaning of chemical bonding, need for bonding, and the different types of chemical bonding: ionic, covalent, polar covalent and coordinate bondi..

Currently, 106 elements are known to the human kind. The number of carbon compounds alone is much more than the number of compounds of all remaining 105 elements put together. The number of carbon compounds known to man is around 600,000 whereas the number of the compounds of all the remaining comp..

The rate of a reaction is measured in terms of change in concentration of a reactant or a product with time. Rate of a reaction is measured by following the concentration changes either by chemical analysis or by observing some other property such as color and optical rotation. The rate of a reacti..

Transition elements are known for their ability to form many complex compounds. The complex compounds in which the metallic ion is surrounded by two or more ions or molecules are called coordination compounds, also known as complex compounds. The chapter has covered the nomenclature, isomerism, bon..

In this chapter we have understood the conversion of electrical energy into chemical energy and vice versa. It deals with interactions of matter and electricity. We have learnt about the various applications of electro chemistry which goes a long way in helping mankind to make his life more comfort..

Anything that we look around us has mass and occupies space. Most of the things we use are in solid state. Solids have always attracted considerable interest because of their symmetry, beauty and simplicity of fo..

Solutions are homogeneous mixtures having great importance in our day to day life. In this chapter we have learnt the various types of solutions, the meaning of vapor pressure, Raoult's Law, Colligative Properties and Abnormal Molecular Mass..