derivations

Structures of Functional Groups Present in Carboxylic Acid Derivatives - The structure of the functional groups in acyl halide, acid anhydride, ester and amide are similar to that of the carboxyl group. Due to the presence of lone pairs of electrons at the halogen, oxygen and nitrogen ato..

The reactions of carboxylic acids and their derivatives involve substitution of the group L with nucleophiles and are known as nucleophilic acyl substitution reactio..

The relationship may be derived by combining the mass-energy relationship proposed by Max Planck and Einstein. According to Planck, photon of light having energy E is associated with a wave of frequency n as: E = h ..

Let f be a differentiable function on an interval I and let a I. Let f "(a) be continuous at a. Then i) 'a' is a point of local maxima if f '(a) = 0 and f "(a) < 0 ii) 'a' is a point of local minima if f '(a) = 0 and f "(a) > 0 iii) The test fails if f '(a) = 0 and f "(a) = 0. In this case we..

The relationship may be derived by combining the mass-energy relationship proposed by Max Planck and Einstein. According to Planck, photon of light having energy E is associated with a wave of frequency n as: E = h n .....(1) According to Einstein, mass and energy are related as: E = mc 2..

Derivation of Lens Formula (Concave Lens) - Let AB represent an object placed at right angles to the principal axis at a distance greater than the focal length f of the convex lens. The image A 1 B 1 is formed between O and F 1 on the same side as the object is kept and the image is erect..

Let AB represent an object placed at right angles to the principal axis at a distance greater than the focal length f of the convex lens. The image A 1 B 1 is formed beyond 2F 2 and is real and inverte..

Case I Convex Lens..

The structure of the functional groups in acyl halide, acid anhydride, ester and amide are similar to that of the carboxyl group. Due to the presence of lone pairs of electrons at the halogen, oxygen and nitrogen atoms, resonance is possible in these derivatives just like that in ca..