dna sequencing primer

Mechanism of DNA Replication - It is a complex process and involves the participation of over a dozen enzymes and other protein factors. The intertwined DNA starts separating from a particular point and this is known as the origin of replication. The second step is that the two ..

DNA molecule is a double helical structure made of deoxyribo nucleotides. RNA is also present in nucleus as well as cytoplasm. DNA is the major source of genetic information which is copied into RNA molecules (transcription). The sequence of nucleotides contains the '..

Artificial Synthesis of DNA on Template - In 1961, Kornberg and his coworkers synthesized DNA from a mixture of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, DNA polymerase enzyme, metal ions and a segment of viral DNA functioning as a primer. The synthetic ..

In 1961, Kornberg and his coworkers synthesized DNA from a mixture of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, DNA polymerase enzyme, metal ions and a segment of viral DNA functioning as a primer. The synthetic DNA showed biological activity. When i..

DNA Finger Prints - The technique of finger printing was perfected by British genetist Dr. Alec Jeffreys in 1984. fig. 25.9 Identical Twins No two people (other than identical twins) have exactly the same sequence of bases in their DNA. By detecting these, the differen..

Formation of Polynucleotide Each DNA molecule has two such polynucleotide chains joined to each other by hydrogen bonds. The hydrogen bonds are between the nitrogenous bases of the opposite nucleotides. If the polynucleotide chains are the sides of the ladder, the bonds can be compared to..

As the RNA chain grows, the transcribed region of the DNA molecule gets hydrogen bonded to the opposite strand and the two become spirally coiled to assume the original double helical form. When the last ribonucleotide is added, the RNA polymerase and RNA chain are completely released fr..

It represents nearly 80% of the total RNA in the cell. It always occurs bound to basic proteins in ribosomes. It takes part in assembling the amino acids brought by tRNA, into a polypeptide chain, based on the sequence of codons in mRNA. RNA serves the following functions: mRNA has a si..

The enzyme forms one new strand in a continuous stretch in the 5'-3' direction and is called leading strand. On the other parent strand, the enzyme forms short stretches of DNA once again in the 5'-3' direction starting from an RNA primer. These short DNA fragments are..

A single enzyme that synthesizes RNA from DNA is RNA polymerase. The transcription starts when the enzyme gets binded to DNA at a region known as promoter region. The binded RNA polymerase recognizes two base sequences on non-coding strand of DNA to start th..