effects of impurities on boiling point and freezing point of water

When common salt is added to crushed ice to make a freezing mixture the temperature is lowered below 0 o C. This is because ice absorbs heat from salt which is at a higher temperature and some ice melts dissolving some salt in it. This process continues till all the salt is dis..

The boiling point of liquid is raised by increasing the pressure and reduced by lowering the pressure. It can be demonstrated by the apparatus shown in figure...

When salt is added to boiling water the temperature of boiling water is raised above 100 o C. This is because the salt absorbs heat energy from the water for dissolving in it and its average kinetic energy decreases. When gases dissolve i..

Carboxylic acids have higher boiling point than aldehydes and ketones and even alcohols of comparable masses. This is due to more extensive association of carboxylic acid molecules through intermolecular hydrogen bonding...

Sulphur boils at 444.6 o C and gives off light yellowish orange vapo..

Ammonia (240 K) has a higher boiling point than phosphine (190 K) and then the boiling point increases down the group because of increase in size. In PH 3 and other hydrides, the intermolecular forces are Van der Waals' forces. These van der Waals' forc..

. At high altitudes like Ooty, having lower atmospheric pressure, water boils at a much lower temperature than in the plains like Bangalore where atmospheric pressure is higher. Generally, boiling points for most of the liquids are specified as normal bo..

Freezing point of a substance is defined as the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the solid form is in equilibrium with liquid form of the substance. In other words, solid and liquid forms of the substance has same vapor pressure. fig 3.10 The curves AB, BC, and A'B' ar..

Aldehydes and Ketones have relatively high boiling point as compared to hydrocarbons of comparable molecular masses. This is because the aldehydes and ketones contain polar carbonyl group and therefore have stronger intermolecular dipole dipole interactions between the opposite..

Amines are polar compounds and have higher boiling points than non-polar compounds such as hydrocarbons of some molecular mass. All amines can form hydrogen bonds as protons acceptors by coordination with the lone pair of electrons on the -N atom. But only primary and secondary..