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Solutions With Negative Deviation - In this type of deviation, the partial vapor pressure of each component of solution is less than the vapor pressure as expected according to Raoult's la..

. The form of energy, which cannot be recreated, is the amount that goes into increasing disorder. In reality a lot of effort and time is needed by nature to recreate energy once it goes through a spontaneous process. In the above example it is done through photosynthesis, carbonization of wood etc..

Li + ion has small size and has maximum tendency to distort the electron cloud of the anion by withdrawing the electrons from the negative ion towards itself. This tendency to distort the electron cloud of the negative ion by the positive ion is known as polarization. It cause..

Graph (i) represents two different positions of the particle at the same instant of time t. This is not possible. Graph (iii) is the only graph which illustrates one dimensional motion of a particle starting from rest and moving along a straight line with increasing velocity...

From the charges on the ions, the number of positive and negative ions in the compound can be found out. This gives the empirical formula (E.F.) Lewis formula:..

A double bond between carbon-carbon atoms (C=C) consists of a sp 2 -sp 2 s bond and a p bond. These bonds are formed between unhybridized '2p' orbitals of each C atom at right angle to the plane of sigma bond. Since the p bond prevents the free rotation about the carbon-carbon axis, a di-sub..

For this case, when the alpha-particle is closest to the nucleus, it comes to rest and its initial kinetic energy is completely converted into potential energy. We assume that this takes place when the alpha particle is outside the nucleus. The condition is expressed by the relation wh..

(due to its highly negative electrode potential). Instead, H + ions produced due to the self-ionization of water get reduced at cathod..

It is important to understand the development of charges at the electrodes. When a strip of a metal M is placed in a solution of its ions M n + , a metal - metal ion electrode is obtained. The possible processes that can occur at the electrodes are: The metal ion M n + collides with the e..

. In acidic solution, the carboxylate function (- COO - ) accepts a proton and gets converted to carboxyl substituent (- COOH) while in basic solution the ammonium substituent (+NH 3 ) changes to amino group (-NH 2 ) by losing a proton. In acidic solution, an..