ethanol production using corn switchgrass and wood biodiesel production

Amorphous Carbon - Wood Charcoal - Wood charcoal is obtained by the destructive distillation of wood. The chief products formed are wood charcoal, wood tar, pyroligneous acid and wood gas (Fig.10.6). However, if wood ch..

a) Carbon dioxide is released back to the environment by respiration of producers and consumers b) Released by the decomposition of organic wastes and dead bodies by the action of bacteria and fungi on decay. c) Burning of wood and fossil fuels add considerable amount of carbon dioxide i..

. Anthracene can also be used in insecticides and for a wood preservative. This compound is widely abundant. It is found in any type of coal or tar. Like anthracene, phenanthrene is used in the production of dyes. It is also used in the manufacture ..

Chlorine is used for bleaching cotton, linen, wood pulp, etc. It is used in the sterilization of drinking water, and the water in swimming pools. The strong oxidizing action of chlorine destroys organic matter like bacteria, fungus and other micro-organisms. In..

Chemical Properties of Carbon Compounds - Most of the carbon-containing compounds associated with hydrogen i.e., hydrocarbons are fuels that produce heat on burning. Petroleum products like natural gas, petrol, diesel, kerosene, heavy oils etc., and in a larger sense, wood, biog..

Designer Plants - Many years ago, Frederick Steward and his co-workers cultured cells from carrot plants and induced some of them to develop into small embryos. Some of these embryos grew into whole plants. Today, researchers routinely regenerate crops, plants and many other plant species from cult..

Carbon-14 is unstable and decays by beta emissions to nitrogen. Because of the constant production of carbon-14 and its radioactive decay, a small fractional abundance of carbon-14 is maintained in the atmosphere. Living plants, which use carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, also..

. Pyrolysis of carbonaceous wastes like firewood, coconut, palm waste, corn combs, cashew shell, rice husk paddy straw and saw dust, yields charcoal along with products like tar, methyl alcohol, acetic acid, acetone and a fuel gas. Anaerobic/aerobic decomposition of biodegradabl..

. On top of it, form a layer of soda lime. Again put a third layer of cotton wool. (Fig.5.11..

Significance of Photosynthesis - Photosynthesis is the only process which produces enormous quantities of organic matter for sustaining the life on this globe. It is the only known method of manufacture of organic food from inorganic raw materials. Animals including man are directly or indirectly d..