fourth row elements

The third row elements are from sodium to argon. The build up of these eight elements proceeds exactly in the same manner as discussed above. Here 3s- and 3p-orbitals are filled in place of 2s- and 2p-orbitals as has been done in case of Li to N..

Electronic Configurations of Atoms - Based upon the rules and sequence of energy levels, one can write the electronic configurations of atoms of some rows of the periodic tabl..

The third row elements are from sodium to argon. The build up of these eight elements proceeds exactly in the same manner as discussed above. Here 3s- and 3p-orbitals are filled in place of 2s- and 2p-orbitals as has been done in case of Li to Ne. For e.g., the elect..

Fourth Row Elements - In potassium (Z=19) and calcium (Z=20), electrons enter the 4s-orbitals in accordance with the fact that 4s-orbital is slightly lower in energy than 3d-orbital. With scandium (Z=21), 3d-subshell comes into use and from scandium..

In potassium (Z=19) and calcium (Z=20), electrons enter the 4s-orbitals in accordance with the fact that 4s-orbital is slightly lower in energy than 3d-orbital. With scandium (Z=21), 3d-subshell comes into use and from scandium to zinc, this subshell is gradually filled up. The ..

In lithium (Z =3), the third electron goes to the next 2s orbital. In Beryllium (Z = 4), the fourth electron fills 2s orbital and in boron (Z = 5), the next electron goes to the next available 2p orbital. In carbon, the sixth electron is also to go into the 2p orbital as 2..

Metallic character - Most of the transition elements of the first row form metallic bonds due to the presence of incomplete outermost energy level. So, all the transition elements exhibit metallic characters. The strength of the metallic bond depends upon the number of..

The 6 th period consists of elements that have atomic numbers 58 to 71. They are called Lanthanides. The 7 th period consists of elements that have atomic numbers 90 to 105. They are called Actinides. Both of them are called inner transition elementsh..

Lanthanides and actinides are inner-transition elements. They are placed in separate rows in form of two series at the bottom of the modern periodic tabl..

. According to Mendeleev's periodic law, the physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic mass Mendeleev was able to predict the existence of undiscovered elements like Ga, Sc and Ge Mendeleev corrected the atomic masses of a few eleme..