fractional distillation

Fractional distillation is employed to separate two or more liquids that are miscible. The boiling points of these liquids should be fairly far apart. When distilled, the liquid with the lower boiling point distils over first, and is collected. It is the firs..

This liquid air contains two main substances, nitrogen and oxygen in liquid forms whose boiling points are -196 o C and -183 o C respectively. So when this liquid air is allowed to warm up, nitrogen with low boiling point boils over first and is separated. What remains behind is liquid oxygen, whi..

Refining of Petroleu..

The outgoing hot vapors from the main iron still preheat coal tar obtained from the destructive distillation of coal, in a pre-heater. In this process, coal tar loses most of the water it contains, along with some low boiling hydrocarbons. It is then sent to the main iron still (a side r..

The fermented liquor contains 9-10% of ethanol and is called wash or wort. It is distilled in a Coffey still (Distillation of wash in a Coffey still) to remove water and other impurities present in wash . The Coffey still consists of two tall fractionating column..

Fractional distillation in a fractionating colum..

During rectification of alcohol by the fractional distillation method, the first fraction contains acetaldehyd..

Preparation of heavy water - Heavy water is prepared either by prolonged electrolysis or by fractional distillation of ordinary wate..

On commercial scale, nitrogen is obtained by the fractional distillation of liquefied air. The compressed carbon dioxide free air is liquefied by allowing it to expand in a region of low pressure. The liquefied air is then subjected to fractional distillation..