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It is a technique used for creating multiple copies of a given gene. A chromosome of an organism is broken into small fragments comprising of one or a few genes with the help of restriction endo-nucleases. Each fragment is joined to a suitable vehicle DNA, forming recombinant DNAs of dif..

As a result of sustained research in agriculture, many high yielding varieties /hybrids have been released in our countries (India 2000). In rice, more than 600 high yielding, early maturing, dwarf disease resistant varieties have been evolve..

Welcome to the brave new world of high-tech dentistry. Here, teeth stained by coffee, tea and tobacco are bleached considerably white in a single sitting, and crowned and laminated in a single visit. Infected gum tissue can be vaporized bloodlessly in a few minutes with lasers. Even thou..

Metals have high tensile strength. Metals can resist stretching without breaking. A strong electrostatic attraction between the positively charged kernels and the mobile electrons surrounding them is the reason for tensile strengt..

For high fidelity reception, the audio frequencies from 20Hz to 20000Hz must be reproduced. This requires a bandwidth + 20000Hz i.e., 40000Hz. (Note that both the sidebands must be reproduced). The bandwidth actually assigned for AM transmission is 20000Hz. This is done to keep the inter..

As a result of sustained research in agriculture, many high yielding varieties /hybrids have been released in our countries (India 2000). In rice, more than 600 high yielding, early maturing, dwarf disease resistant varieties have been evolved. Many rice hybrids such as ProAgro ..

Electron affinity is the amount of energy released, when an isolated gaseous atom accepts an electron to form a negative ion. The other atom participating in the formation of an ionic compound must form an anion by gaining an electron (s). Higher electron affinity favours the formation of an anion..

Beyond saturation point, light intensity reduces photosynthesis. This effect is called solarization. It can be caused by photo-inhibition and photo-oxidatio..

A laser beam departs from strict parallelism only because of diffraction effects, determined by the wavelength and the diameter of the exit aperture. Light from other sources can be made into an approximately parallel beam by a lens or a mirror, but the beam divergence is much greater than for las..

Tungsten light, spread over a continuous spectrum, gives us no basis for comparison. The light from selected lines in a gas discharge tube, however, can have wavelengths in the visible region that are precise to about 1 part in 10 6 . The sharpness of definition of laser light can easily be a thou..