how to balance chemical equations step by step

Write the symbol of the ions of the compound. Cation (positive ion) is written on the left hand side and the anion (negative ion) is written on the right hand side. Put the valency number of the radical or ion below the symbol of the element. Alternatively cross the positive and negative..

The given chemical equation is split into two or more partial equations. Each partial equation is separately balanced by the hit and trial method. These balanced partial equations are multiplied with suitable coefficients..

- Carboxylation - Glycolytic reversal - Regeneration of RUBP Photorespiration Light dependent up take of O 2 by cells and release of CO 2 without producing ATP and NADPH. During high conc. of O 2 and high temperature. RUBISCO act as RUBP oxygenase. RUBP splits into PGA and phosphoglycolate...

Calculate empirical formula. Use vapor density if given. If molecular weight given, calculate 'n' using this formula. Molecular formula = n x empirical formul..

The two half-cell reactions are written in such a way that the reaction taking place at the left hand electrode is written as an oxidation reaction and that taking place at the right electrode is written as reduction reactio..

The skeleton equation is:..

Balance other atoms except H and O a..

Balance each half reaction separately as: (a) (i) Balance all atoms other than H and O (already balanced). (ii) The oxidation number on left is +2 and on right is +3. To account for the difference, the electron is added to the right as : (iii) Charge is already ..

Balance the increase/decrease in oxidation number by multiplying NO 3 - by 2 and Cu by 0..

Write the skeleton redox reaction. Indicate the oxidation number of atoms in each compound above the symbol of the element. Identify the element or elements, which undergo a change in oxidation number, one whose oxidation number increases (reducing agent) and the other whose oxidation numbe..