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Sometimes, even if the error is known, it cannot be corrected due to imperfection in the experimental arrangement. e.g., Loss of heat due to radiation in calorimetry. These errors always exist, but observations can be corrected..

Absolute Error and Percentage Relative Error - From the above examples on approximation, we observe that the approximated value may be more or less than the original number. The difference between these two values is called the absolute error. Absolute Error ..

All physical quantities can be measured. In spite of using the best and most appropriate instrument or device to measure, we may not get the true value. Hence, the difference between the true value and the measured value is called 'error'. There are different types of errors th..

These are caused by external conditions (wind, temperature, etc.,). These errors can be prevented by applying suitable corrections..

Select the correct statement(s). I. The probability of commiting a type I error is denoted as α II. The probability of commiting a type II error is denoted as β III. A type I error occurs if one rejects the null hypothesis when it is true. IV. The ..

These errors always have the same sign. These can be eliminated by detecting the source of error and the rule governing this error. They are of 4 type..

These are inherent errors of the measuring instruments and apparatus. E.g., zero error of a measuring instrument. All instrumental errors come under this category. Instrumental errors, if any, can be detected by interchanging two similar instruments or by us..

This arises from the mode of observation of the person, taking the reading. e.g., Parallax error. These errors can be minimised by obtaining several readings and taking their arithmetic mea..

Propagation of Errors - Final result of an experiment is calculated from a number of observations taken from different instruments, connected through a formu..

While reading the length of a simple pendulum or the length of a resistance wire or while finding the weight of a body using spring balance, mass by a beam balance etc., we are likely to make mistakes. The percentage error can be calculated by using the formula. Percentage error..